CROSS-LINKING (named after the effect it produces) – also known as cross-linking of bonds, cross-collagenization of the cornea or CXL – causes stiffening of the cornea and increases its mechanical resistance.
The stiffening of the cornea is accomplished by increasing the number of bonds between the collagen fibers that build it. It occurs under the influence of UVA irradiation of the cornea. In order to increase the sensitivity of the superficial layers of the cornea to UVA radiation, it is soaked in a special photosensitizing substance, riboflavin (vitamin B2). Clinical studies confirm that the action of riboflavin contributes to slowing or stopping the disease and, in some cases, its regression. The procedure thus avoids corneal transplantation.