{"id":9393,"date":"2022-08-03T11:06:02","date_gmt":"2022-08-03T09:06:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swisslaser.pl\/blog\/%d1%81%d0%b5%d1%82%d1%87%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%ba%d0%b0-%d0%b7%d0%b0-%d1%87%d1%82%d0%be-%d0%be%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d0%be%d1%82%d0%b2%d0%b5%d1%87%d0%b0%d0%b5%d1%82-%d0%b2-%d0%b3%d0%bb%d0%b0%d0%b7%d1%83-%d0%b8\/"},"modified":"2026-04-09T10:12:10","modified_gmt":"2026-04-09T08:12:10","slug":"%d1%81%d0%b5%d1%82%d1%87%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%ba%d0%b0-%d0%b7%d0%b0-%d1%87%d1%82%d0%be-%d0%be%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d0%be%d1%82%d0%b2%d0%b5%d1%87%d0%b0%d0%b5%d1%82-%d0%b2-%d0%b3%d0%bb%d0%b0%d0%b7%d1%83-%d0%b8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swisslaser.pl\/ru\/blog\/%d1%81%d0%b5%d1%82%d1%87%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%ba%d0%b0-%d0%b7%d0%b0-%d1%87%d1%82%d0%be-%d0%be%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d0%be%d1%82%d0%b2%d0%b5%d1%87%d0%b0%d0%b5%d1%82-%d0%b2-%d0%b3%d0%bb%d0%b0%d0%b7%d1%83-%d0%b8\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0421\u0435\u0442\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0430 &#8212; \u0437\u0430 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0435\u0439 \u0443\u0433\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0442"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Siatk\u00f3wka jest b\u0142on\u0105 wewn\u0119trzn\u0105 (zwan\u0105 te\u017c b\u0142on\u0105 nerwow\u0105 lub czuciow\u0105) \u015bciany ga\u0142ki ocznej. W siatk\u00f3wce znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 3 r\u00f3\u017cne rodzaje kom\u00f3rek nerwowych, kt\u00f3re spe\u0142niaj\u0105 r\u00f3\u017cne zadania:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>kom\u00f3rki wzrokowe, zwane kom\u00f3rkami fotoreceptorowymi, dziel\u0105 si\u0119 na\u00a0 kom\u00f3rki pr\u0119cikowe (odpowiadaj\u0105 za widzenie zmierzchowe)i kom\u00f3rki czopkowe (odpowiadaj\u0105 za widzenie dzienne i rozpoznawanie barw),<\/li>\n<li>kom\u00f3rki dwubiegunowe &#8212; jedna z wypustek kom\u00f3rki dwubiegunowej odbiera pobudzenie z kom\u00f3rki czopkowej lub pr\u0119cikowej, a druga wypustka \u0142\u0105czy si\u0119 z kom\u00f3rk\u0105 zwojow\u0105 stanowi\u0105c\u0105 trzeci neuron,<\/li>\n<li>kom\u00f3rki zwojowe &#8212; wypustki kom\u00f3rek zwojowych tworz\u0105 w siatk\u00f3wce warstw\u0119 w\u0142\u00f3kien nerwowych, kt\u00f3re zbiegaj\u0105c si\u0119 formuj\u0105 nerw wzrokowy \u0142\u0105cz\u0105cy siatk\u00f3wk\u0119 z m\u00f3zgiem.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Obszar siatk\u00f3wki, w kt\u00f3rym zbiegaj\u0105 si\u0119 w\u0142\u00f3kna nerwowe, jest widoczny na dnie oka jako tarcza nerwu wzrokowego. Blisko niej znajduje si\u0119 <a href=\"https:\/\/swisslaser.pl\/ru\/blog\/%d1%87%d1%82%d0%be-%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%b5-%d0%bc%d0%b0%d0%ba%d1%83%d0%bb%d0%b0-%d0%b8-%d0%ba%d0%b0%d0%ba%d1%83%d1%8e-%d1%80%d0%be%d0%bb%d1%8c-%d0%be%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d0%b8%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%b5\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">plamka \u017c\u00f3\u0142ta<\/a>.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fotoreceptory, czyli pr\u0119ciki i czopki, zawieraj\u0105 barwniki wzrokowe a ponadto przylegaj\u0105 do nab\u0142onka barwnikowego, kt\u00f3rego kom\u00f3rki wype\u0142nione s\u0105 melanin\u0105 (barwnik ten absorbuje \u015bwiat\u0142o niepoch\u0142oni\u0119te przez barwniki wzrokowe, a to zapobiega wstecznemu odbiciu \u015bwiat\u0142a). To w\u0142a\u015bnie fotoreceptory odpowiadaj\u0105 za przekszta\u0142canie energii \u015bwietlnej w elektryczn\u0105: drog\u0105 neuronaln\u0105 bod\u017ace elektryczne dostaj\u0105 si\u0119 do m\u00f3zgu, gdzie tworz\u0105 si\u0119 widziane przez nas obrazy &#8212; to nie oko widzi, ale m\u00f3zg. Gdy jakikolwiek etap tego procesu przesy\u0142owego zostanie zaburzony, pojawiaj\u0105 si\u0119 nieprawid\u0142owo\u015bci widzenia.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nieprawid\u0142owo\u015bci te, mog\u0105ce by\u0107 pierwszymi symptomami chor\u00f3b siatk\u00f3wki, przybieraj\u0105 posta\u0107:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>mroczk\u00f3w,<\/li>\n<li>m\u0119t\u00f3w (punkt\u00f3w, plamek, nitek) w polu widzenia,<\/li>\n<li>b\u0142ysk\u00f3w \u015bwietlnych,<\/li>\n<li>braku ci\u0105g\u0142o\u015bci obserwowanych linii ,<\/li>\n<li>b\u00f3lu oka.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u0435\u0442\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0430 &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u044f \u043c\u0435\u043c\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430 (\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0435\u043c\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430) \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044f\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3088,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","neve_meta_reading_time":"","_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9393","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-10"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/swisslaser.pl\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9393","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/swisslaser.pl\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/swisslaser.pl\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swisslaser.pl\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swisslaser.pl\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9393"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/swisslaser.pl\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9393\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swisslaser.pl\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3088"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/swisslaser.pl\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9393"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swisslaser.pl\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9393"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swisslaser.pl\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9393"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}