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Myopia, or myopia in medical nomenclature, is a visual defect in which parallel light rays entering the eye are refracted not on the retina, but in front of it. Short-sighted people see objects farther away from each other indistinctly. With very low myopia (-1/-2 diopters), wearing corrective lenses or glasses is not always necessary, but if the defect is higher, even reading text from a standard distance is difficult – the letters in a book or newspaper blur and you have to move it very close to your eyes.

Myopia lends itself well to correction with eyeglasses and contact lenses, but as long as we have a stabilized defect, laser myopia correction is worthwhile. Myopia was the defect with which the history of surgical vision correction began in the ’50s. In the late ’80s, the first successful excimer laser procedure was carried out, and then more and more precise laser myopia correction methods began to appear.

There is no single objectively best method of vision correction, but today we already know that laser correction of myopia (as well as hyperopia, astigmatism or presbyopia) is the most individualized ophthalmic procedure, preceded by detailed examinations. Laser correction of myopia and other vision defects is carried out by various methods, so it is possible to choose a method as individualized as possible, appropriate to the needs of each patient.

During laser myopia correction, the central part of the cornea is flattened to reduce refractive power. Myopia-correcting lasers are used in the following procedures:

  • LASEK/PRK: the procedure involves either deflecting (LASEK) or removing (PRK) the upper cellular layer of the cornea (epithelium) and then appropriately reshaping the underlying corneal tissue with an excimer laser.
  • LASIK: a two-step technique; the cornea is incised with a scalpel (microkeratome), and then the corneal surface is modeled so that it can properly focus the image onto the retina.
  • Femto-LASIK: using a precise femtosecond laser, the surgeon makes a cut in the cornea, creating a thin flap 0.1 mm thick – a flap. He uses an excimer laser to reshape the previously exposed cornea for a few seconds, then the flap is closed back up; it attaches and forms a protective corneal barrier.
  • Trans-PRK smart surFace: the least invasive laser treatment for myopia. Dioptric correction is done in the first stage of the procedure, while the surgeon uses a high-precision excimer laser. PRK used to be the standard method of laser eye treatment, and LASIK replaced it because it involved less pain. However, the LASIK technique failed in patients whose corneas were too thin or irregular. Trans-PRK’s state-of-the-art capabilities helped optimize the procedure at the most important point.
  • Micro-lens laser vision correction (SmartSight / Relex smile / Clear).

There is no single objectively best method of vision correction, but today we know that laser correction of myopia (as well as hyperopia, astigmatism, or presbyopia) are the most individualized ophthalmic procedures, preceded by detailed examinations. Laser correction of myopia and other vision defects is performed using various methods, allowing for the selection of the most individualized method, suitable for the needs of each patient.

During laser correction of myopia, the central part of the cornea is flattened to reduce its refractive power. Lasers used for myopia correction are involved in the following procedures:

  • LASEK/PRK: the procedure involves the displacement (LASEK) or removal (PRK) of the upper cellular layer of the cornea (epithelium), followed by the appropriate modeling of the underlying corneal tissue using an excimer laser.
  • LASIK: a two-stage technique; the cornea is incised using a scalpel (microkeratome), and then the surface of the cornea is shaped so that it can properly focus the image on the retina.
  • Femto-LASIK: thanks to a precise femtosecond laser, the surgeon makes an incision in the cornea, creating a thin flap of 0.1 mm thickness – flap. An excimer laser is used to model the previously exposed cornea for a few seconds, then the flap is closed back; it adheres and forms a protective barrier of the cornea.
  • Trans-PRK smart surFace: the least invasive method of treating myopia with a laser. Dioptric correction occurs in the first stage of the procedure, while the surgeon uses a high-precision excimer laser. PRK was once the standard method of laser eye treatment, with LASIK replacing it due to less associated pain. However, the LASIK technique failed in patients whose cornea was too thin or irregular. Modern capabilities of Trans-PRK have contributed to optimizing the procedure at its most critical point.
  • Micro-lens laser vision correction (SmartSight / Relex smile / Clear)